Early complications of menopause among women in Tehran

Life expectancy has increased dramatically in developing countries such as Iran. Menopause as a relatively recent phenomenon brought about new challenges. Early complications of menopause can greatly influence the quality of life. Current study aimed at investigating early complications of 441 menopausal women who lived in Tehran using cluster sampling method. The mean age of menopause was 48.51 +/- 4.45. Following variable were included in the study: age, age of menorah, education status, marital status, breast feeding, history of oral contraceptive usage and hormone replacement therapy, exercise, calcium intake [diet/drug] and smoking. Using Jones standard questionnaire, the early complication of menopause were asked by interview. The mean value for total score of these complications were 12.1 +/- 6.8, 60.3% of which had severe complication. Exercise was found to reduce the rate of complications significantly [P = 0.001]. To reduce the early complication of menopause, a fundamental change in menopausal women's life-style is suggested among which exercise is a must

Infertility related stress and marital life in Iranian infertile women who referred to Isfahan infertility treatment clinic

The literature is full of anecdotal evidence about linkage between infertility and stress and deleterious impacts that infertility stress can have on the functioning of a marriage and the couple's life quality. This study was designed to determine the corrilation between infertility related stress and marital adjusment in women who reffered to Isfahan and infertility treatment clinic. A Corrolational-one group research design was used to measure infertility related stress and marital adjusment of infertile women using data from a questionnaire including: [socio-demographic data, infertility related stress and Dyadic adjusment scale [DAS]] and investigation of relationship of these two variables from different aspects. All of the participants had experienced infertility stress [in different degrees] and about half of them [46%] were maritally distressed for these women, infertility stress scores were significantly related to economical problems, family composition, duration of treatment and confidence one will have a child for marital adjusment, duration of infertility and a positive history of failed pregnancy were only variables that were significantly related to this variable. For these women infertility stress scores singnificantly related to deterioration of marital adjusment.[r = -0.39, P < 0.001]. As hypothesized, infertility related stress, had deleterious impact on the marital life of infertile women. Meaningful characteristics were identified that could guide clinicians to those women at risk for increasing stress and marital distress. These variables are as follows: a low socioeconomic status, and unsuccessful treatment outcome, failed treatment cycles, family composition and duration of infertility and it's treatment

Idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS] is a common reproductive disorder, the most important symptoms of which are hirsutism, acne and irregular menstruation. Subjects who had idiopathic hirsutism also suffer from excess hair and have Laboratory results and ultrasound findings, which are similar to PCO. The aim of this study is to find a relationship between idiopathic hirsutism and PCOS. For this reason, PCO were detected using ultrasound imaging in a series of 173 women who presented with significant hirsutism and in some cases with irregular menstruation. Patients were divided in to 3 groups: those with hirsutism and regular menstruation [cycles > 8 per year, group 1, n=96], those with hirsutism and oligomenorrhoea [cycles < 8 per year, group 2, n= 99] and those with hirsutism and amenorrhoea [cycles < 2 per year, group 3, n= 33]. These 3 groups were compared with subjects with normal ovaries and regular cycles of 26-34 days and without hirsutism [n= 29] and also with a group of women with PCO and regular cycles who had no sign of hirsutism [n=90]. PCO were found in 86% of group 1, 97% of group 2 and 94% of women within group 3. The results suggest that the term "idiopathic hirsutim" may not be appropriate. Sensitivity of biochemical tests for PCO amongst women of group 1, 2 and 3 were 100%, 91% and 76% respectively. This was in the case when at least one of these biochemical tests were reported to be abnormal: luteinizing hormone level > 9 U/L, testosterone level > 2.2 nmol/L, sex hormone binding globulin < 32 nmol/L or free androgen index > 4.5